Foods and supplements claimed to help joints and bones
54 of them, ranked by strength of evidence. Only 2 reach grade A or B.
At a glance
54 foods and supplements marketed for joints and bones, each graded one by one against clinical trial evidence. Grade spread: B 2 · C 32 · D 13 · F 3. Only 2 reach grade A or B.
The grade measures how strong the evidence is, not how good something is for you. Grade A means independent research groups replicated a reduction in real clinical events in humans; grade F means well-designed trials established there is no effect. See Methodology.
Claimed to help joints and bones — strongest evidence first
Within a grade, higher scores come first; verdicts without a score sit at the bottom. Follow a name to see its trials, evidence, and limits.
| B | 70 | Vitamin D, bone-health axis | Calcium absorption, prevention of osteomalacia, and reduction of fracture risk |
| B | 62 | Avocado-soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) | Improvement of knee osteoarthritis pain and function |
| C | 55 | Vitamin K2 (MK-7, menaquinone-7) | Bone health and vascular calcification/calcium metabolism |
| C | 54 | Rosehip (Rosa canina) | Joints (osteoarthritis) and antioxidant |
| C | 54 | Chrysanthemum zawadskii extract (GCWB106) | Joint and cartilage health and improvement of knee pain |
| C | 54 | Whole chilies and sweet peppers | Lower odds of prevalent sarcopenia |
| C | 51 | Cetyl myristoleate complex (CMO and cetylated fatty acids) | Improved knee-joint pain and function |
| C | 50 | MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) | joint pain and function improvement |
| C | 50 | Boswellia serrata (frankincense) | joint inflammation and pain relief |
| C | 50 | Collagen (hydrolyzed/UC-II) | joint and bone health |
| C | 50 | Gelatin | Joints, skin, and hair |
| C | 50 | Natural eggshell membrane (NEM) | Improvement of knee-joint pain, stiffness, and function |
| C | 50 | Burdock-root decoction tea | Knee osteoarthritis pain and function |
| C | 50 | Ground sesame seeds, 40 g/day | Improved knee osteoarthritis pain and function |
| C | 50 | Vitamin D3 50,000 IU taken with a meal containing zero or 30% of energy from fat | Higher plasma vitamin D3 concentrations 10 to 14 hours after dosing |
| C | 48 | Undenatured type II collagen (UC-II) | Joint pain, function, and flexibility |
| C | 48 | Curcumin (turmeric, curcumin/turmeric) | Anti-inflammatory and joint health |
| C | 48 | Lilium lancifolium extract powder | Improvement of joint discomfort and function |
| C | 48 | SAMe (S-adenosyl-L-methionine; ademetionine) | Improvement of osteoarthritis pain and function |
| C | 48 | Poly-gamma-glutamic acid (γ-PGA; Bacillus-fermented natto polymer) | Enhanced calcium absorption and bone health |
| C | 47 | Devil's claw root (Harpagophytum procumbens) | Relief of osteoarthritis and low-back pain |
| C | 46 | Prunes (dried plums) | Maintenance of postmenopausal bone density and prevention of osteoporosis and fractures |
| C | 46 | Calcium fructoborate, a branded boron ingredient sold as FruiteX-B | Improvement of knee-joint pain and function |
| C | 46 | One to two drinks/day, defined as beer 356 mL, wine 118 mL, or spirits 42 mL | Maintained bone density and prevention of osteoporosis or fractures |
| C | 45 | Calcium (supplement) | Bone health, maintenance of bone mineral density, and fracture prevention |
| C | 44 | White willow bark extract | Relief of osteoarthritis pain |
| C | 43 | Tart cherry concentrate (Prunus cerasus) | Reduction of uric acid and prevention of gout flares |
| C | 42 | Milk basic protein (MBP) | Maintenance of bone mineral density and suppression of bone resorption |
| C | 42 | Taheebo extract (Tabebuia avellanedae, Tabetri®) | Joint and cartilage health and knee discomfort |
| C | 41 | Angelica decursiva leaf extract | Improvement of joint discomfort and function |
| C | 41 | L-leucine (a branched-chain essential amino acid sold as a single-ingredient supplement) | Improved muscle mass, grip strength, and walking function in older adults with sarcopenia |
| C | 40 | Boron | Bones, joints, and hormones |
| C | 40 | Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa or Uncaria guianensis, dietary supplement) | Relief of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis |
| C | 40 | Cissus quadrangularis (a Vitaceae plant-extract supplement) | Faster clinical and radiographic fracture union with less pain and swelling when added to fracture fixation |
| D | 35 | Chondroitin (chondroitin, mainly chondroitin sulfate) | Claims for joint and cartilage health, improvement of osteoarthritis pain and function, and maintenance of joint space |
| D | 34 | Glucosamine | joint (knee) pain and function improvement |
| D | 34 | Aquamin marine-algae multimineral from Lithothamnion | Increased bone mineral density and prevention of fractures |
| D | 34 | Mixed intake of lean and oily fish | Prevention of incident rheumatoid arthritis |
| D | 34 | Nonfermented milk without complete separation by fat content | Prevention of total and hip fractures in adults |
| D | 32 | Glucosamine sulfate (oral joint supplement and medicine in some countries) | Improvement of chronic low back pain and disability associated with degenerative lumbar disease |
| D | 31 | Choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid (ch-OSA, a bioavailable silicon complex sold in supplements such as BioSil) | Improved bone formation and femoral bone density when added to calcium and vitamin D in women with osteopenia |
| D | 30 | At least four 150-mL cups of coffee daily, 600 mL or more, or caffeine above 330 mg/day | Prevention of osteoporotic fractures in women |
| D | 30 | Vitamin D3 1,200 IU daily in healthy term infants | Greater bone strength at 24 months than standard 400 IU daily |
| D | 28 | Green-lipped mussel oil (New Zealand green-lipped mussel) | joint pain relief |
| D | 28 | Whole full-fat yogurt | Improved bone-turnover markers |
| D | 28 | Uncooked lactobacilli-rich vegan diet | Improved rheumatoid-arthritis activity and symptoms |
| D | 25 | Shark cartilage | Joints and anticancer effects |
| F | 18 | Glucosamine (a prescription product or dietary supplement) | Improvement of chronic low-back pain and disability in degenerative lumbar osteoarthritis |
| F | 18 | Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, a fat-soluble vitamin sold nonprescription and as a supplement) | Improved pain and function and reduced cartilage loss in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis |
| F | 5 | Vitamin D3, or cholecalciferol | Prevention of falls in community-dwelling older adults without vitamin D deficiency |
| ? | score not listed | Achyranthes root | Joints |
| ? | score not listed | Strontium citrate | Increased bone mineral density and fracture prevention |
| ? | score not listed | Rhus toxicodendron 30C homeopathic product | Relief of joint pain, stiffness, and weather-related muscle pain |
| ? | score not listed | Sagol-guk or gomtang, a soup made by prolonged simmering of beef bones | Reduced osteoarthritis pain and improved physical function |
Not swallowed — applied, inhaled, held in the mouth, worn, or performed on the body (8)
Same claims, but these are not taken by mouth: rubbed on the skin, breathed in, chewed or rinsed and spat out, worn on the body, or performed as a procedure such as acupuncture or cupping. A different route into the body, so they are listed separately.
Claimed to harm joints and bones (1)
Here a higher grade means the harm is better established — the opposite direction from the table above. A low grade means the claim of harm rests on weak evidence.
| C | 54 | Repeated consumption of carbonated soft drinks, including cola | Lower bone mineral density or increased fracture |
What does have evidence for joints and bones
Not foods or supplements: drugs and procedures graded A or B. Chamgap recommends nothing. It only shows where the evidence is strong. Any treatment decision belongs with your doctor.
| A | 88 | Zoledronic acid (intravenous bisphosphonate, Aclasta, prescription) | Prevention of vertebral, hip, and nonvertebral fractures in patients with osteoporosis |
| A | 86 | Risedronate sodium (oral bisphosphonate, Actonel, prescription drug) | Prevention of vertebral and hip fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis |
| A | 86 | Tai Ji Quan: Moving for Better Balance (therapeutic balance-exercise program) | Reduction of falls in community-dwelling older adults at high risk |
| A | 86 | Otago Exercise Programme (individually prescribed home balance, strength, and walking exercise) | Reduction of actual falls among community-dwelling older adults |
| B | 79 | Denosumab (RANKL inhibitor, Prolia, prescription medicine) | Reduction of vertebral, hip, and nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis |
| B | 79 | Alendronate (bisphosphonate; Fosamax; prescription) | Prevention of vertebral, hip, and nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis with a prior fragility fracture |
| B | 79 | Topical diclofenac (Voltaren Emulgel, nonprescription medicine) | Reduced pain and improved function in knee osteoarthritis |
| B | 79 | Methotrexate (folate-antagonist conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug and prescription medicine) | First-line disease control and inhibition of joint-damage progression in disease-modifying-antirheumatic-drug-naive moderate-to-high-activity rheumatoid arthritis |
| B | 78 | Romosozumab (sclerostin-inhibiting antibody, Evenity, prescription medicine) | Prevention of vertebral, hip, and clinical fractures in postmenopausal women at high fracture risk |
| B | 77 | Teriparatide (PTH analog and bone-forming agent, Forteo, prescription) | Prevention of new vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in patients with osteoporosis at high fracture risk |
| B | 77 | Raloxifene (prescription selective estrogen-receptor modulator, or SERM) | Reduced risk of new vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis |
| B | 76 | Etoricoxib 30 mg, a prescription selective COX-2 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug | Reduced pain and improved physical function in symptomatic knee or hip osteoarthritis |
How to read this list
A grade of C or D does not mean "do not take it." It means the evidence is not yet strong enough to promise the effect. Equally, A or B does not mean it works for everyone.
Chamgap sells nothing and takes no advertising. See all Joints & Bones verdicts.