CHAMGAP
APPROVEDReviewed and approved by the Chamgap Editorial Team (2026-08-18). The draft was written by AI, the existence of all 2 cited sources was verified at the original page, and the verdict passed blind grading and adversarial audit. Methodology v0.7.
Verdict No. 2758 · Search date 2026-08-18 · Methodology v0.7

Negative-pressure wound therapy,
does it really help with Shorter time to complete epithelialization in surgical wounds healing by secondary intention?

30-Second Summary
D
Evidence Grade D · 34 · Safety caution
Negative-pressure therapy did not significantly shorten complete epithelialization of open surgical wounds
The study recorded 448 adverse events, 14 serious events, and 124 events considered potentially treatment-related. Clinicians should monitor bleeding, infection, skin injury, and device suitability.
What the
research shows
The grade is D. SWHSI-2 across 29 UK NHS sites analyzed all 686 randomized participants. Median time to complete epithelialization was 187 days with negative-pressure wound therapy versus 195 days with usual dressings. The absolute median difference was 8 days, but the primary time-to-event result was null, HR 1.08 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.32), p=0.47. This is direct publicly funded large-trial evidence, but one null trial whose interval still reaches the prespecified target effect gives D with 34 points.
What the
ads claim
HR 1.08 must not be advertised as 8% faster healing. It is a ratio of instantaneous healing hazards and its confidence interval includes 1. The understandable absolute result is a median of 187 versus 195 days, an uncertain 8-day difference.
*

Useful facts when choosing a product

  • The trial permitted CE-marked negative-pressure devices used in the NHS rather than mandating one manufacturer product.
  • Usual care prohibited negative pressure but allowed the clinical team to choose the dressing.
  • Most wounds were open foot or leg wounds after vascular surgery, and 80% of participants had diabetes.
Gap Measurement · Verdict 2758 · D 34
What advertising claims
What independent, higher-quality research supports
△ GAP
01

What the research actually shows

Across 29 UK sites, 686 participants were assigned to negative-pressure therapy (349) or usual dressings (337), and all were included in the primary analysis. Healing by 12 months occurred in 202/349 (57.9%) versus 196/337 (58.2%); medians were 187 versus 195 days, HR 1.08 (0.88 to 1.32). Funding came from the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment Programme. No specific manufacturer product was mandated, and the article did not report company supply. The trial statistician independently generated the allocation sequence, which was implemented through a centralized secure online randomization service. Participants and the clinical and research teams could not be masked, and the primary endpoint of complete epithelial cover was assessed unmasked. Masked assessors reviewed wound photographs to verify that outcome. All 686 randomized participants were analyzed as allocated in the intention-to-treat population; missing baseline values were mean-imputed, and healing times were right-censored at the last known unhealed timepoint. The prespecified primary endpoint matched registration ISRCTN26277546.

02

Why this is classified as D (34)

A publicly funded, centrally allocated, all-randomized large hard-endpoint trial was null for healing time but did not exclude the target effect, giving D with 34 points.

Counterpoint. D means healing acceleration was not demonstrated in this trial; it does not deny every drainage or wound-management use in selected complex wounds.

Rejudgment record. Cross-check applied — Pairs the all-randomized 686-participant healing-time HR of 1.08 (0.88 to 1.32) with the 8-day absolute median difference, accounts for central allocation, missing-data handling, and prospective registration, and distinguishes unmasked primary assessment from masked photo verification

Scoring profile behind this grade
EndpointHHard endpoint - actual events such as death
ReplicationR1Single confirmatory trial
IndependenceI2Decisive evidence is publicly or non-profit funded
Effect sizeE0Null
PrecisionC0The confidence interval leaves room for benefit

The scoring table and the verdict agree (D).

Sub-claim grades by effect

This ingredient is marketed for several effects. A single overall grade blends strong and weak claims together, so each effect is graded separately here. The overall grade reflects the strongest disconfirming or core claim.

Effect (sub-claim)GradeBasis
Shorter time to complete epithelializationDThe median difference was 8 days, but HR 1.08 (0.88 to 1.32) was null.
Improved cost-effectivenessDBoth within-trial and model-based analyses remained below usual cost-effectiveness thresholds.

Cross-check — Codex and Claude

This verdict was drafted by Codex through literature review and source-existence checks, cross-checked through blind grading and adversarial audit, and settled by reapplying the methodology boundary rules. Cases with split grades were resolved through rejudgment.
03

Evidence Table

StudyDesignSampleFundingEndpointResultWeight
Study 1Pragmatic open-label randomized trial at 29 NHS sites with masked photographic review686National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment ProgrammeTime to complete epithelializationMedian 187 versus 195 days, absolute difference 8 days; HR 1.08 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.32), p=0.47Publicly funded large all-randomized hard-outcome trial; null benefit with target-effect uncertainty remaining
§

Receipt — 2 References

All 2 cited sources were verified for existence at the original page (as of 2026-08-18).

Arundel C, Mandefield L, Fairhurst C, et al. Negative pressure wound therapy versus usual care in patients with surgical wound healing by secondary intention in the UK (SWHSI-2): an open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2025;405(10490):1689-1699. PMID: 40250455. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00143-6. ISRCTN26277546.
checked
SWHSI-2 Trial Investigators. Negative pressure wound therapy versus usual care for Surgical Wounds Healing by Secondary Intention (SWHSI-2 Trial): study protocol for a pragmatic, multicentre, cross surgical specialty, randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2021;22:739. PMCID: PMC8543414. ISRCTN26277546.
checked
Draft and rewrite: Codex (AI) · Verification: Codex blind grading and adversarial audit · Final adjudication: Claude
Reviewed and approved: Chamgap Editorial Team · Approval date: 2026-08-18 · Corrections: none

Cite this verdict

Negative-pressure wound therapy x healing of open surgical wounds by secondary intention Evidence Grade D card
[Chamgap] Negative-pressure wound therapy x healing of open surgical wounds by secondary intention — Evidence Grade D·34. 2 cited sources checked. Source: https://chamgap.com/en/verdicts/skin-hair/negative-pressure-wound-therapy-open-surgical-wound-secondary-intention-healing/ · CC BY 4.0

CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution; do not distort grades, numbers, or verdict meaning.

!

What this document does and does not do

Chamgap is an information source. It reports what research has and has not confirmed; it does not tell readers what to take or buy. That decision belongs to readers and, when needed, medical or legal professionals. This verdict reflects literature available up to the search date and may change as new research appears. Nothing here is medical advice.