CHAMGAP
APPROVEDReviewed and approved by the Chamgap Editorial Team (2026-07-11). The draft was written by AI, the existence of all 3 cited sources was verified at the original page, and the verdict passed blind grading and adversarial audit. Methodology v0.6.
Verdict No. 228 · Search date 2026-07-11 · Methodology v0.6

Horny goat weed,
does it really help with Improvement of erectile function and libido?

30-Second Summary
?
Evidence Grade ? · Safety unknown
Preclinical mechanisms exist, but there is no human efficacy trial for judging erectile function or libido
What the
research shows
A single-dose human pharmacokinetic and tolerability study of standardized Epimedium extract exists, but no human efficacy trial of Epimedium or icariin alone was found that assessed IIEF in patients with erectile dysfunction or measured libido. Erectile evidence centers on cell and animal experiments, so the efficacy grade is ?.
What the
ads claim
Advertisements use phrases such as 'natural Viagra,' 'PDE5 inhibition,' and 'raises male vitality and libido.' A laboratory PDE5 mechanism is not a clinical result establishing improved IIEF or libido in humans.
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Useful facts when choosing a product

  • Icariin and prenylflavonoid content varies across Epimedium species and extracts.
  • The human single-dose study used 370-1,110 mg of extract, but it was not a dose-finding efficacy trial.
  • A single dose was tolerated in healthy men, while repeated-use safety data remain limited.
  • Results from multi-ingredient male products cannot be attributed to Epimedium or icariin alone.
Gap Measurement · Verdict 228 · ?
What advertising claims
What independent, higher-quality research supports
△ GAP
01

What the research actually shows

Shindel 2010 reported erectile-related signals after icariin exposure in cells and rats, not a human efficacy trial. Teo 2019 gave single doses of 370, 740, or 1,110 mg standardized Epimedium extract to 30 healthy men and measured metabolites and 48-hour tolerability, with no erectile-function or libido endpoint. The Niu 2022 review likewise centered on pharmacokinetics, molecular mechanisms, and preclinical data rather than clinical efficacy.

02

Why this is classified as ?

No standalone human efficacy trial directly assessing erectile function or libido was found. Preclinical mechanisms and human pharmacokinetics do not substitute for efficacy literature, so the grade is ? with a null score.

Counterpoint. Absorbable metabolites and preclinical activity have been shown and leave open a rationale for future trials. This judgment means absence of efficacy literature, not proof of no effect.

Rejudgment record. New judgment — There is no standalone human efficacy trial directly measuring erectile function or libido for Epimedium or icariin; identified human research is a single-dose pharmacokinetic and tolerability study

Cross-check — Codex and Claude

This verdict was drafted by Codex through literature review and source-existence checks, cross-checked through blind grading and adversarial audit, and settled by reapplying the methodology boundary rules. Cases with split grades were resolved through rejudgment.
03

Evidence Table

StudyDesignSampleFundingEndpointResultWeight
Shindel AW et al. 2010Cell and rat preclinical studyUnknownCavernous nerve, smooth muscle, and erectile response in ratsReported preclinical erectile-related signals but provided no human symptom or IIEF data.Not used for grade
Teo YL et al. 2019Randomized placebo-controlled single-dose pharmacokinetic study30Singapore academic/public institutions; details unclearPrenylflavonoid pharmacokinetics and 48-hour tolerabilityIcariside II and other metabolites were detected and a single dose was tolerated, but sexual-function efficacy was not measured.Not used for efficacy grade
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Receipt — 3 References

All 3 cited sources were verified for existence at the original page (as of 2026-07-11).

Shindel AW, Xin ZC, Lin G, et al. 2010. Erectogenic and neurotrophic effects of icariin, a purified extract of horny goat weed (Epimedium spp.) in vitro and in vivo. J Sex Med. 2010;7(4 Pt 1):1518-1528. PMID: 20141584. DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01699.x.
checked
Teo YL, Cheong WF, Cazenave-Gassiot A, et al. 2019. Pharmacokinetics of Prenylflavonoids following Oral Ingestion of Standardized Epimedium Extract in Humans. Planta Med. 2019;85(4):347-355. PMID: 30522143. DOI: 10.1055/a-0806-7673.
checked
Niu Y, Lin G, Pan J, et al. 2022. Deciphering the myth of icariin and synthetic derivatives in improving erectile function from a molecular biology perspective: a narrative review. Transl Androl Urol. 2022;11(7):1079-1095. PMID: 35958901. DOI: 10.21037/tau-22-232.
checked
Draft and rewrite: Codex (AI) · Verification: Codex blind grading and adversarial audit · Final adjudication: Claude
Reviewed and approved: Chamgap Editorial Team · Approval date: 2026-07-11 · Corrections: none

Cite this verdict

Horny goat weed (Epimedium species, icariin) x improvement of erectile function and libido Evidence Grade ? card
[Chamgap] Horny goat weed (Epimedium species, icariin) x improvement of erectile function and libido — Evidence Grade ?. 3 cited sources checked. Source: https://health-receipt.pages.dev/en/verdicts/mens/epimedium-icariin-erection-libido/ · CC BY 4.0

CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution; do not distort grades, numbers, or verdict meaning.

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What this document does and does not do

Chamgap is an information source. It reports what research has and has not confirmed; it does not tell readers what to take or buy. That decision belongs to readers and, when needed, medical or legal professionals. This verdict reflects literature available up to the search date and may change as new research appears. Nothing here is medical advice.