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APPROVEDReviewed and approved by the Chamgap Editorial Team (2026-08-18). The draft was written by AI, the existence of all 1 cited sources was verified at the original page, and the verdict passed blind grading and adversarial audit. Methodology v0.7.
Verdict No. 2787 · Search date 2026-08-18 · Methodology v0.7

Dental recall interval,
does it really help with Maintenance of oral health and oral-health-related quality of life over four years?

30-Second Summary
D
Evidence Grade D · 30 · Safety acceptable
Recall intervals produced similar four-year outcomes, but substantial missingness prevents firm equivalence
The report did not present serious adverse events as a separate safety outcome for recall timing. It found no clear disadvantage in caries, tooth loss, anxiety, or quality of life.
What the
research shows
The grade is D. INTERVAL randomized 2,372 adults. Four-year gingival-bleeding analysis included 416 participants in the 24-month-eligible stratum and 1,486 in the overall risk-based versus six-month comparison. In the eligible stratum, differences were -0.91 percentage points, 95% CI -5.02 to 3.20, for 24-month versus six-month recall and -0.98 points, -5.05 to 3.09, for risk-based versus six-month recall; OHIP-14 was also null. The 4.5-point value was a sample-size detection assumption, not a prespecified equivalence boundary. Substantial missingness and observed-data analysis give D with 30 points.
What the
ads claim
The result cannot be marketed as proof that every adult needs a check-up only every two years. The 24-month arm was available only to patients dentists judged eligible, while risk-based recall could range from three to 24 months.
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Useful facts when choosing a product

  • This recall-interval question differs from fluoride toothpaste in verdict 701, A with 92 points; xylitol in verdict 748, C with 45 points; fissure sealants in verdict 1841, A with 86 points; supervised fluoride brushing in verdict 2515, C with 50 points; and the Hall technique in verdict 2712, B with 70 points.
  • Water flossing in verdict 2359 is C with 46 points and mouthwash in verdict 2707 is C with 50 points; periodontal treatment in pregnancy in verdict 2226 is D with 34 points. Those concern tools, products, or preterm birth rather than adult recall timing.
  • Twenty-four-month recall was tested only in the dentist-selected eligible stratum.
Gap Measurement · Verdict 2787 · D 30
What advertising claims
What independent, higher-quality research supports
△ GAP
01

What the research actually shows

INTERVAL randomized 2,372 adults at 51 UK NHS dental practices in two strata. The 648 eligible for 24-month recall were assigned among risk-based, 24-month, and six-month recall; 1,724 ineligible participants were assigned to risk-based or six-month recall. Allocation used an automated central telephone service, and four-year clinical assessors were masked. The primary clinical analysis retained observed participants in assigned groups and used multiple imputation as a sensitivity analysis. However, only 416/648 eligible-stratum participants entered clinical analysis, 35.8% missing, and the primary analysis relied on observed completers. Participants knew their interval, leaving the subjective OHIP-14 primary endpoint unmasked. There was no early stopping. NIHR HTA provided public funding, and no company supplied an intervention item. Author disclosures reported Nigel Pitts consulting for Colgate and GSK, but did not report toothpaste-company support or trial materials for the recall intervention.

02

Why this is classified as D (30)

Both primary endpoints were null, but substantial missingness, observed-data analysis, and no validated equivalence boundary give D with 30 points.

Counterpoint. D does not mean six-month recall is proven superior. It means the trial did not identify a clear clinical difference while failing to provide a definitive equivalence boundary.

Rejudgment record. Cross-check applied — Cross-checks both primary endpoints, central allocation, masked assessment, observed-data intention-to-treat and imputation, missingness, NIHR funding, and author disclosures in the HTA report

Scoring profile behind this grade
EndpointPPatient-reported treatment goal - the symptom is the goal
ReplicationR1Single confirmatory trial
IndependenceI2Decisive evidence is publicly or non-profit funded
Effect sizeE0Null
PrecisionC0The confidence interval leaves room for benefit

The scoring table and the verdict agree (D).

Sub-claim grades by effect

This ingredient is marketed for several effects. A single overall grade blends strong and weak claims together, so each effect is graded separately here. The overall grade reflects the strongest disconfirming or core claim.

Effect (sub-claim)GradeBasis
Twenty-four-month versus six-month recall in eligible low-risk adultsDGingival bleeding and OHIP-14 were null, without a definitive equivalence boundary.
Risk-based versus six-month recallDThe overall comparison also found no clinical or quality-of-life difference.

Cross-check — Codex and Claude

This verdict was drafted by Codex through literature review and source-existence checks, cross-checked through blind grading and adversarial audit, and settled by reapplying the methodology boundary rules. Cases with split grades were resolved through rejudgment.
03

Evidence Table

StudyDesignSampleFundingEndpointResultWeight
Study 1Pragmatic multicenter randomized trial at 51 UK practices with masked clinical assessment1,486NIHR HTA public funding; no company-supplied intervention itemFour-year proportion of sites bleeding on probing and OHIP-14Eligible-stratum 24-month versus six-month difference -0.91 points, 95% CI -5.02 to 3.20; risk-based versus six-month -0.98 points, -5.05 to 3.09; OHIP-14 nullLarge publicly funded null trial with substantial missingness
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Receipt — 1 References

All 1 cited sources were verified for existence at the original page (as of 2026-08-18).

Clarkson JE, Pitts NB, Goulao B, et al. Risk-based, 6-monthly and 24-monthly dental check-ups for adults: the INTERVAL three-arm RCT. Health Technol Assess. 2020;24(60):1-138. PMID: 33215986. DOI: 10.3310/hta24600.
checked
Draft and rewrite: Codex (AI) · Verification: Codex blind grading and adversarial audit · Final adjudication: Claude
Reviewed and approved: Chamgap Editorial Team · Approval date: 2026-08-18 · Corrections: none

Cite this verdict

Dental recall interval x adult oral health Evidence Grade D card
[Chamgap] Dental recall interval x adult oral health — Evidence Grade D·30. 1 cited sources checked. Source: https://chamgap.com/en/verdicts/general/adult-dental-recall-risk-based-six-twenty-four-month-oral-health/ · CC BY 4.0

CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution; do not distort grades, numbers, or verdict meaning.

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